Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Thursday, July 29, 2010
Digital Compass using Microcontroller
Digital Compass using Microcontroller is a project which aim's to build a digital compass that displays both the direction and cardinal points on a television.This is a very good project for Electronics engineers or Students who want to make project on Microcontroller. Other functionality were added to complement the sensor interface, such as, temperature display, magnetic declination input and disability option
More details:http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/ccw27/index.htm
More details:http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/ccw27/index.htm
Friday, January 29, 2010
Radio Integrated Surveillance System
Elctronics Project List
A GPS map digitization program
Ac and Dc motor control system
Accident alertness in vehicles
Accident identification system
Accident identification with auto dialer
Adaptive differential pulse code modulation a (APCM)
Adaptive lighting system for automobiles
Addressable remote transmitter through a communication
Advance encryption standard using micro control
Advancer fm power line intercom
Advertising display using LED & LCD
Agricultural Plant watering systems
Air & fuel ratio control system for fumace
Air leakage detection based on pressure sensor
Air pollution monitor
Air velocity monitor
Air fuel ration control system for fumace
Altimeter & barometer
An I2C Network protocol for environmental monitoring
Analysis of slip power recovery scheme
Anesthesia control system for medical application
Anthena circuit design for RF ID Applications
Apartment multi channel fuse blown indicator & annunciation
Apartment security system
Artificial intelligent embedded line tracking follower robot
ATM card
Attendance recorder
Auto path finder robotic car
Auto stop motion and annunciate for knitting mills
Automated pump tester
Automatic traffic light system
Automatic bottle filing system
Automatic busfair system
Automatic car parking controller using RF
Automatic coil winding machine and controller
Automatic digital time switch
Automatic dim dipper programmable ON/OFF Timer controller
Automatic dim Dipper system
Automatic Door opening system
Automatic drainage system for industrial pipe lines
Automatic drilling system
Automatic dyeing machine
Automatic Electric billing system
Automatic fence controller
Automatic frequency counter
Automatic guided vehicle
Automatic humidity control for refrigerator
Automatic industrial operator
Automatic industrial drilling machine
Automatic irrigation system with wireless transmission
Automatic jogging, breaking, plugging for motors
Automatic lamination machine
Automatic load controller
Automatic packing machine
Automatic panel system
Automatic panels for 3 phase motors
Automatic pattern cutting m/c in garments
Automatic phase changer
Automatic phase changer with line voltage measurement
Automatic phase selector
Automatic pumping system for vehicles
Automatic railway gate controller system
Automatic room control system
Automatic shutter control system with intelligent
security system
Automatic solar tracking system
Automatic stator voltage control
Automatic street light on-off controller
Automatic ticketing machine
Automatic traffic light controller
Automatic washbasin
Automatic weighing bridge
Automatic wheel alignment robot
Automation system using smartcard by
implementing industry i2c bus
Automobile performance analyzer
Automobile tracking system
AVR for alternators
Bank card design
Bank locker security system with SMS mobile alert
Battery monitoring system
Blood dripping system
Body temperature scanning system
Boiler controller
Building automation system
Calendar day date time month year
Calibration of proximity sensor
Caller -id
Ac and Dc motor control system
Accident alertness in vehicles
Accident identification system
Accident identification with auto dialer
Adaptive differential pulse code modulation a (APCM)
Adaptive lighting system for automobiles
Addressable remote transmitter through a communication
Advance encryption standard using micro control
Advancer fm power line intercom
Advertising display using LED & LCD
Agricultural Plant watering systems
Air & fuel ratio control system for fumace
Air leakage detection based on pressure sensor
Air pollution monitor
Air velocity monitor
Air fuel ration control system for fumace
Altimeter & barometer
An I2C Network protocol for environmental monitoring
Analysis of slip power recovery scheme
Anesthesia control system for medical application
Anthena circuit design for RF ID Applications
Apartment multi channel fuse blown indicator & annunciation
Apartment security system
Artificial intelligent embedded line tracking follower robot
ATM card
Attendance recorder
Auto path finder robotic car
Auto stop motion and annunciate for knitting mills
Automated pump tester
Automatic traffic light system
Automatic bottle filing system
Automatic busfair system
Automatic car parking controller using RF
Automatic coil winding machine and controller
Automatic digital time switch
Automatic dim dipper programmable ON/OFF Timer controller
Automatic dim Dipper system
Automatic Door opening system
Automatic drainage system for industrial pipe lines
Automatic drilling system
Automatic dyeing machine
Automatic Electric billing system
Automatic fence controller
Automatic frequency counter
Automatic guided vehicle
Automatic humidity control for refrigerator
Automatic industrial operator
Automatic industrial drilling machine
Automatic irrigation system with wireless transmission
Automatic jogging, breaking, plugging for motors
Automatic lamination machine
Automatic load controller
Automatic packing machine
Automatic panel system
Automatic panels for 3 phase motors
Automatic pattern cutting m/c in garments
Automatic phase changer
Automatic phase changer with line voltage measurement
Automatic phase selector
Automatic pumping system for vehicles
Automatic railway gate controller system
Automatic room control system
Automatic shutter control system with intelligent
security system
Automatic solar tracking system
Automatic stator voltage control
Automatic street light on-off controller
Automatic ticketing machine
Automatic traffic light controller
Automatic washbasin
Automatic weighing bridge
Automatic wheel alignment robot
Automation system using smartcard by
implementing industry i2c bus
Automobile performance analyzer
Automobile tracking system
AVR for alternators
Bank card design
Bank locker security system with SMS mobile alert
Battery monitoring system
Blood dripping system
Body temperature scanning system
Boiler controller
Building automation system
Calendar day date time month year
Calibration of proximity sensor
Caller -id
Wednesday, January 27, 2010
Mobile Technology
Mobile technology is the constantly expanding sector of equipment and related services that enable people to work away from their desks. The exploding mobile technology sector includes telecommuting, working from partner or client locations, from a plane or train or simply moving more fluidly around the company's own premise through the use of a wireless local-area network. The key to mobile technology is balancing the benefits from mobilizing vital data against the security challenges that will be introduced.
BlackBerry
Smartphones
Here there are some growing mobile sectors as
- Cellular platform
- Mobile applications
- Mobile devices
- Mobile operating systems
Now let see what is happening in the above fields
Cellular Platforms
Cellular platforms are circular areas of coverage surrounding elevated transmission gear used to transmit voice and data signals. Increasingly, cellular is being used to distribute data in the form of Web content and various types of messaging. Cellular platforms compete and cooperate with Wi-Fi and 4G - WiMax now and Long-Term Evolution later - offer ways to cut costs and free capacity. If the proposed purchase of Alltel by Verizon closes, the big four U.S. carriers will be Verizon, T-Mobile, AT&T and Sprint. Now the latest technology hosting apex are the 3G,4G and GSM.
3G
3G is a collection of technologies including EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA, and HSUPA that promise to bring high-speed data services to mobile work forces. Progress toward ubiquitous 3G coverage is being made, but competition from rival technologies such as WiMax continues to complicate the market. Many users have rushed to purchase 3G smartphones, and roaming between carriers continues to be a concern. Still, 3G holds enormous promise for users to always be on the cellular network without the security worries of using a wireless hotspot.
4G
4G is the coming IP-based wireless transmission protocol. There are two major players vying for this lucrative market. WiMax is beginning to roll out, while Long-Term Evolution is a couple of years behind but said to have some advantages. Indeed, many players recently have opted for LTE. Eventually, there is nothing to keep the two platforms from merging. Indeed, there is great interest in doing this among both ecosystems as the industry attempts to avoid debilitating standards warfare and competition.
GSM
The Global System for Mobile communications is the most popular cellular approach in the world. According to the GSM Association, there were more than 2 billion GSM subscribers worldwide by June, 2008, which the organization said is more than 86 percent of the world's cellular market. GSM was accelerated earlier this decade by Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) and is in the process of further speed boosts by High Speed Downlink Packet Access and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSDPA and HSUPA) approaches.
2.Mobile Applications
Mobile applications are the programs that people run on their portable and mobile devices. Developers have taken advantage of increasingly powerful devices and bandwidth-rich networks to provide more highly functional mobile applications. In short, it is possible to perform a great percentage of the tasks in the field that formerly were constrained to the desktop PC. With this new freedom comes considerable security concerns. Sophisticated mobile applications are a competitive must, though.
GPS
GPS, which standards for Global Positioning System, are devices that work with a fleet of medium earth orbiting satellites (MEOS). GPS systems can tell the receiver where it is to within a very small radius. This is done by calculating minute differences in the signals sent to it by the MEOS. GPS was initially developed by the military and can anchor an ever-expanding series of commercial and business location-based services applications.
Mobile Search
Mobile search is the customization of search engines and the way they render their output to support the special needs of untethered devices and users. Mobile search features different results that focus on practical features such as maps and push-to-dial phone numbers. The results are presented in a more stripped-down manner appropriate for mobile devices. Paid results and descriptions may be deleted. The search and mobile industries are aware that mobile search is a vital area.
Location-Based Services
Location-based services, or LBSes, are the transmission of geographically customized information to mobile devices. Location-based services work with the Global Positioning System. For instance, a mobile worker can find a hotspot or business center if he has access to location-based services. These are both useful services for mobile work forces and important value-added services that providers are seeking to monetize.
3.Mobile Devices
Mobile devices are aimed at workers and consumers not working from a wired outlet. The mobile device category is expanding by leaps and bounds, and includes everything from cell phones, feature phones and smartphones to laptops, mobile Internet devices (MIDs), tablet computers and ultra-mobile PCs (UMPCs). Mobile devices are benefiting from the growth of 3G networks and will become even more ubiquitous as 4G grows. There is more diversity in the types of devices and operating systems than in the desktop world.
BlackBerry is a family of smartphones and the related operating system from Research in Motion. The BlackBerry is the most popular business handheld device. When paired with the Blackberry Enterprise Server, the Blackberry enables secure mobile e-mail, voice, Web and other data services. The device, which has earned the sobriquet "crackberry," is under attack from Nokia, Microsoft and others. There is an incipient threat from the iPhone, but so far Apple has sent mixed messages about its attitude toward the corporate market.
iPhone
The iPhone is Apple's foray into the smartphone category. The device was introduced to the AT&T network in June 2007. The latest iteration, the iPhone 3G, was introduced in July 2008 and initially encountered problems. The iPhone is revolutionary for its creative user interface and because it is not being subsidized by the network and vendor, thus driving the price to users higher. The iPhone, which has spawned many competitors, is not essentially aimed at business.
Cell Phones
Cell phones are portable telephones that connect to a mobile network. Increasingly, cell phones are dividing into a trio of categories: basic cell phones, feature phones and smartphones. Cell phones, which also are known as mobile phones, provide many services besides voice calling. These include short message service, location-based services, Web surfing and other data services. In general, phones are getting smaller and the user interfaces more creative. The iPhone has ushered in a new era of creativity.
Smartphones are cell phones with greatly expanded functionality. Smartphone operating systems include Symbian, Linux, BlackBerry and Windows Mobile. The iPhone has stimulated an outpouring of creativity, including individual phones and the birth of the LiMo Foundation and Android, consortia creating plans for vendors to produce open source smartphones and other mobile devices. Security and power issues pose significant threats going forward.
Wireless Handheld Devices
Wireless handheld devices are pieces of equipment light enough to be carried and traffic data over the air. This is a broad area, including various types of cell phones, tablet computers, mobile Internet devices, PDAs and other devices. The increased sophistication of mobile operating systems enables designers to create different devices for different uses. For instance, a medical professional may opt for a tablet while doing rounds, though other options might be able to do much the same things.
4.Mobile Operating Systems
A mobile operating system is the software and code that rests upon the hardware and on which mobile applications interact in order to carry out functions. Mobile operating systems have evolved to create a new category, the smartphone. Smartphone operating systems include Symbian, Linux, BlackBerry and Windows Mobile operating systems. Mobile operating systems must work in the most power-efficient manner. The existence of many mobile operating systems is credited with keeping mobile devices relatively safe from hackers.
Android
Android is the product that will emerge from a Google-led consortium called The Open Handset Alliance. The goal is to use JAVA to create Linux-based smartphones and other devices. The software development kit includes the operating system, middleware and some applications. The alliance includes carriers, manufacturers, device makers and other organizations. It is likely that the first Android devices will be available during the autumn of 2008. Some developers are grumbling about the way the alliance is handling SDK distribution.
Windows Mobile
Windows Mobile is an operating system from Microsoft designed to provide services to a number of computer devices, including smartphones, Pocket PCs and automobiles. The operating system is vying for position as the mobile sector grows due to the expansion of broadband networks and the increasing capacity of handheld devices. Windows Mobile benefits from its ties to other Microsoft products and ability to seamlessly interconnect with Microsoft desktop applications.
Palm OS
The Palm OS is a mobile device operating system featuring a touch-screen based graphical user interface. The Palm OS is or had been licensed to a number of other companies including Acer, Sony and Lenovo. The Palm OS initially was developed in 1996. It has changed hands several times since. In January 2007, current owner Access Co. renamed the operating system the Garnet OS.
Symbian
Symbian is a mobile operating system. In June 2008, majority owner Nokia said that it will buy the 52 percent of Symbian that it doesn't already own and donate it to The Symbian Foundation. At the same time, Nokia said that it will make Symbian open source. The Symbian Foundation has about 30 members, including heavy hitters such as Sony Ericsson, Motorola, AT&T and Texas Instruments. The move by Symbian is characteristic of the intense jockeying for position in the mobile smartphone sector.
Thursday, January 21, 2010
Electronic Mini Projects
Wireless Imaging Intruder Alarm
Wireless Imaging Intruder Alarm app enables Home Security Smartphones to detect and send burglar pictures direct to your personal cell phone, PDA or computer within a few seconds of a break-in at your home or business when you are away. Code Alarm Security Systems allow a burglar the 8 to 12 minutes needed to get in and out of your home and escape with your property and identity information. Any law enforcement officer will confirm this fact is accurate on average. Less then 12% of burglars are arrested when you have no instant or preserved photo evidence of the robbery suspect. You need to see pictures of a burglar on your cell phone when a burglary happens to prevent property losses and surprise encounters. 280,000 US residents (14% of reported home burglaries) will have surprise encounters with burglars inside their homes this year. It happens when returning home from school, work, shopping etc. When a burglar invades your home you need to know immediately and you need to know before a surprise encounter and 1. Eliminate false alarms. 2. Prevent identity theft and property losses. 3. Preserve photo evidence. 4. Get the fastest police response. 5. Decrease your family's risk of a surprise encounter with a burglar inside your home. 6. Provide responding police with a verified description of the burglar. Home burglaries are a prime source of identity theft, assaults, robberies, rapes and homicides. "In fact, statistics indicate that three out of four U.S. homes will be burglarized in the next 20 years." Make your home and family safe with instant direct pictures to your cell phone when a burglar is inside your home. Protect the things you value most. You need to know if harm is waiting before you enter an empty house or apartment. Be smart, be safe, use Wireless Imaging Intruder Alarm to see a burglar if and when your home becomes the target of a break-in when you are away. Get support, download full version and upgrades to WIIA 1.66 on our web site.
To Download to Your Phone:Power Supply Failure Alarm
http://dir.guruji.com/redirect.php?target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.getjar.com%2Fproducts%2F28855%2FWirelessImagingIntruderAlarm
Most of the power supply failure indicator circuits need a separate power supply for themselves. But the alarm circuit presented here needs no additional supply source. It employs an electrolytic capacitor to store adequate charge, to feed power to the alarm circuit which sounds an alarm for a reasonable duration when the supply fails.
This circuit can be used as an alarm for power supplies in the range of 5V to 15V.
To calibrate the circuit, first connect the power supply (5 to 15V) then vary the potentiometer VR1 until the buzzer goes from on to off.
Whenever the supply fails, resistor R2 pulls the base of transistor low and saturates it, turning the buzzer ON
for circuit diagram follow the website
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/2.gif
Fire Alarm
This circuit warns the user against fire accidents. It relies on the smoke that is produced in the event of a fire. When this smoke passes between a bulb and an LDR, the amount of light falling on the LDR decreases. This causes the resistance of LDR to increase and the voltage at the base of the transistor is pulled high due to which the supply to the COB (chip-on-board) is completed. Different COBs are available in the market to generate different sounds.
The choice of the COB depends on the user. The signal generated by COB is amplified by an audio amplifier. In this circuit, the audio power amplifier is wired around IC TDA 2002. The sensitivity of the circuit depends on the distance between bulb and LDR as well as setting of preset VR1. Thus by placing the bulb and the LDR at appropriate distances, one may vary preset VR1 to get optimum sensitivity.
An ON/OFF switch is suggested to turn the circuit on and off as desirable.
for circuit diagram follow the website
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/13.gif
Melody generator for greeting cards
This tiny circuit comprising of a single 3 terminal IC UM66 can be built small enough to be placed inside a greeting card and operated off a single 3V flat button cell.
There is not much to the circuit. The UM66 is connected to its supply and its output fed to a transistor for amplification. You can either use a 4ohm speaker or a " flat" piezoelectric tweeter like the one found in alarm wrist watches.If you use the piezo, then it can be connected directly between the output pin 1 and ground pin 3 without the transistor.
The UM66 looks like a transistor with 3 terminals. It is a complete miniature tone generator with a ROM of 64 notes, oscillator and a preamplifier. When it first came into market, it was programmed for the "Jingle bells" tune. Now they come with a wide variety of different tunes.
for circuit diagram follow the website
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/7.gif
4 in 1 Burglar Alarm
I n this circuit, the alarm will be switched on under the following four different conditions: 1. When light falls on LDR1 (at the entry to the premises). 2. When light falling on LDR2 is obstructed. 3. When door switches are opened or a wire is broken. 4. When a handle is touched. The light dependent resistor LDR1 should be placed in darkness near the door lock or handle etc. If an intruder flashes his torch, its light will fall on LDR1, reducing the voltage drop across it and so also the voltage applied to trigger 1 (pin 6) of IC1. Thus transistor T2 will get forward biased and relay RL1 energise and operate the alarm. Sensitivity of LDR1 can be adjusted by varying preset VR1. LDR2 may be placed on one side of a corridor such that the beam of light from a light source always falls on it. When an intruder passes through the corridor, his shadow falls on LDR2. As a result voltage drop across LDR2 increases and pin 8 of IC1 goes low while output pin 9 of IC1 goes high. Transistor T2 gets switched on and the relay operates to set the alarm. The sensitivity of LDR2 can be adjusted by varying potentiometer VR2. A long but very thin wire may be connected between the points A and B or C and D across a window or a door. This long wire may even be used to lock or tie something. If anyone cuts or breaks this wire, the alarm will be switched on as pin 8 or 6 will go low. In place of the wire between points A and B or C and D door switches can be connected. These switches should be fixed on the door in such a way that when the door is closed the switch gets closed and when the door is open the switch remains open. If the switches or wire, are not used between these points, the points should be shorted. With the help of a wire, connect the touch point (P) with the handle of a door or some other suitable object made of conducting material. When one touches this handle or the other connected object, pin 6 of IC1 goes ?low?. So the alarm and the relay gets switched on. Remember that the object connected to this touch point should be well insulated from ground. For good touch action, potentiometer VR3 should be properly adjusted. If potentiometer VR3 tapping is held more towards ground, the alarm will get switched on even without touching. In such a situation, the tapping should be raised. But the tapping point should not be raised too much as the touch action would then vanish. When you vary potentiometer VR1, re-adjust the sensitivity of the touch point with the help of potentiometer VR3 properly. If the alarm has a voltage rating of other than 6V (more than 6V), or if it draws a high current (more than 150 mA), connect it through the relay points as shown by the dotted lines. As a burglar alarm, battery backup is necessary for this circuit. Note: Electric sparking in the vicinity of this circuit may cause false triggering of the circuit. To avoid this adjust potentiometer VR3 properly
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/10.gif
Car anti theft wireless alarm. .
This FM radio-controlled anti- theft alarm can be used with any vehicle having 6- to 12-volt DC supply system. The mini VHF, FM transmitter is fitted in the vehicle at night when it is parked in the car porch or car park. The receiver unit with CXA1019, a single IC-based FM radio module, which is freely available in the market at reasonable rate, is kept inside. Receiver is tuned to the transmitter's frequency. When the transmitter is on and the signals are being received by FM radio receiver, no hissing noise is available at the output of receiver. Thus transistor T2 (BC548) does not conduct. This results in the relay driver transistor T3 getting its forward base bias via 10k resistor R5 and the relay gets energised. When an intruder tries to drive the car and takes it a few metres away from the car porch, the radio link between the car (transmitter) and alarm (receiver) is broken. As a result FM radio module gene-rates hissing noise. Hissing AC signals are coupled to relay switching circ- uit via audio transformer. These AC signals are rectified and filtered by diode D1 and capacitor C8, and the resulting positive DC voltage provides a forward bias to transistor T2. Thus transistor T2 conducts, and it pulls the base of relay driver transistor T3 to ground level. The relay thus gets de-activated and the alarm connected via N/C contacts of relay is switched on. If, by chance, the intruder finds out about the wireless alarm and disconnects the transmitter from battery, still remote alarm remains activated because in the absence of signal, the receiver continues to produce hissing noise at its output. So the burglar alarm is fool-proof and highly reliable.
Click here for Circuit Diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/12.gif
DayLight Alarm
The circuit presented here wakes you up with a loud alarm at the break of the daylight. Once again the 555 timer is used here. It is working as an astable multivibrator at a frequency of about 1kHz.
The circuit's operation can be explained as follows:When no light falls on the LDR, the transistor is pulled high by the variable resistor. Hence the transistor is OFF and the reset pin of the 555 is pulled low. Due the this the 555 is reset.
When light falls on the LDR, its resistance decreases and pulls the base of the transistor low hence turning it ON. This pulls the reset pin 4 of the 555 high and hence enables the 555 oscillator and a sound is produced by the speaker.
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/14.gif
Factory Siren
This circuit produces a sound similar to a factory siren.It makes use of a 555 timer Ic used as an astable multivibrator of a center frequency of about 300Hz.The frequency is controlled by the pin 5 of the IC. When the supply is switched ON, the capacitor charges slowly and this alters the voltage at pin 5 of the IC hence the frequenct gradually increases.
After the capacitor is fully charged, the frequency no longer increases. Now when the push button siren control switch is held depressed, the capacitor discharges and the siren frequency also decreases.
The presets VR1 and VR2 should be adjusted for optimum performance.
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/15.gif
Police Siren
This circuit produces a sound similar to the police siren. It makes use of two 555 timer ICs used as astable multivibrators. The frequency is controlled by the pin 5 of the IC. The first IC (left) is wired to work around 1Hz. The 47uF capacitor is charged and discharged periodically and the voltage across it gradually increases and decreases periodically.
This varying voltage modulates the frequency of the 2nd IC. This process repeats and what you hear is the sound remarkably similar to the police siren.
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/16.gif
Infrared beam barrier/ proximity sensor .
This circuit can be used as an Infrared beam barrier as well as a proximity detector.The circuit uses the very popular Sharp IR module (Vishay module can also be used). The pin nos. shown in the circuit are for the Sharp & VIshay modules. For other modules please refer to their respective datasheets.
The receiver consists of a 555 timer IC working as an oscillator at about 38Khz (also works from 36kHz to 40kHz) which has to be adjusted using the 10K preset. The duty cycle of the IR beam is about 10%. This allows us to pass more current through the LEDS thus achieving a longer range.
The receiver uses a sharp IR module. When the IR beam from the transmitter falls on the IR module, the output is activated which activates the relay and de-activated when the beam is obstructed. The relay contacts can be used to turn ON/OFF alarms, lights etc. The 10K preset should be adjusted until the receiver detects the IR beam.
The circuit can also be used as a proximity sensor, i.e to detect objects in front of the device without obstructing a IR beam. For this the LEDs should be pointed in the same direction as the IR module and at the same level. The suggested arrangement is shown in the circuit diagram. The LEDs should be properly covered with a reflective material like glass or aluminum foils on the sides to avoid the spreading of the IR beam and to get a sharp focus of the beam.
When there is nothing in front of them, the IR beam is not reflected onto the module and hence the circuit is not activated. When an object comes near the device, the IR light from the LEDs is reflected by the object onto the module and hence the circuit gets activated.
Click here for Circuit Diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/19.gif
Infrared Head Phones
Using this low-cost project one can reproduce audio from TV without disturbing others. It does not use any wire connection between TV and headphones. In place of a pair of wires, it uses invisible infrared light to transmit audio signals from TV to headphones. Without using any lens, a range of up to 6 metres is possible. Range can be extended by using lenses and reflectors with IR sensors comprising transmitters and receivers.
IR transmitter uses two-stage transistor amplifier to drive two series-connected IR LEDs. An audio output transformer is used (in reverse) to couple audio output from TV to the IR transmitter. Transistors T1 and T2 amplify the audio signals received from TV through the audio transformer. Low-impedance output windings (lower gauge or thicker wires) are used for connection to TV side while high-impedance windings are connected to IR transmitter. This IR transmitter can be powered from a 9-volt mains adapter or battery. Red LED1 in transmitter circuit functions as a zener diode (0.65V) as well as supply-on indicator.
IR receiver uses 3-stage transistor amplifier. The first two transistors (T4 and T5) form audio signal amplifier while the third transistor T6 is used to drive a headphone. Adjust potmeter VR2 for max. clarity.
Direct photo-transistor towards IR LEDs of transmitter for max. range. A 9-volt battery can be used with receiver for portable operation.
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/3.jpg
Use the CD-ROM drive as a audio CD player without the computer
Most of the CDROMS available have an Audio-Out Output to either plug in the headphones or connect it to an amplifier.This circuit enables one to use the CDROM as a stand alone Audio CD player without the computer.This circuit is nothing but a power supply which supplies +5v, +12V and Ground to the CDROM drive andhence can be used without the computer.
You should buy a D-type power connecter to connect this circuit's outputs to the CDROM.
The details of the D connector are shown along with the circuit diagram.
Note that the D-connector goes into the CDROM in only one way and hence prevents any damage due to wrong connection.
Ensure that the 12V(yellow) wire is connected to the right of the D-connector(as seen from behind ,i.e the connector holes away from you with the curved portion of the connector upwards)
As soon as an Audio CD is inserted, the CD begins to play. To move to the next track, press the Skip-Track button on the CDROM front Panel.
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/4.gif
Audio Visual Indicator for Telephones
Many a times one needs an extra telephone ringer in an ad joining room to know if there is an incoming call. For example, if the telephone is installed in the drawing room you may need an extra ringer in the bedroom. All that needs to be done is to connect the given circuit in parallel with the existing telephone lines using twin flexible wires. This circuit does not require any external power source for its operation. The section comprising resistor R1 and diodes D5 and LED1 provides a visual indication of the ring. Remaining part of the circuit is the audio ringer based on IC1 (BA8204 or ML8204). This integrated circuit, specially designed for telecom application as bell sound generator, requires very few external parts. It is readily available in 8-pin mini DIP pack.
Resistor R3 is used for bell sensitivity adjustment. The bell frequency is controlled by resistor R5 and capacitor C4, and the repeat frequency is controlled by resistor R4 and capacitor C3. A little experimentation with the various values of the resistors and capacitors may be carried out to obtain desired pleasing tone. Working of the circuit is quite simple. The bell signal, approximately 75V AC, passes through capacitor C1 and resistor R2 and appears across the diode bridge comprising diodes D1 to D4. The rectified DC output is smoothed by capacitor C2. The dual-tone ring signal is output from pin 8 of IC1 and its volume is adjusted by volume control VR1. Thereafter, it is impressed on the piezo-ceramic sound generator.
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/5.gif
Ultrasonic pest repellent
It is well know that pests like rats, mice etc are repelled by ultrasonic frequency in the range of 30 kHz to 50 kHz. Human beings can?t hear these high-frequency sounds. Unfortunately, all pests do not react at the same ultrasonic frequency. While some pests get repelled at 35 kHz, some others get repelled at 38 to 40 kHz. Thus to increase the effectiveness, frequency of ultrasonic oscillator has to be continuously varied between certain limits. By using this circuit design, frequency of emission of ultrasonic sound is continuously varied step-by-step automatically. Here five steps of variation are used but the same can be extended up to 10 steps, if desired. For each clock pulse output from op-amp IC1 CA3130 (which is wired here as a low-frequency square wave oscillator), the logic 1 output of IC2 CD4017 (which is a well-known decade counter) shifts from Q0 to Q4 (or Q0 to Q9). Five presets VR2 through VR6 (one each connected at Q0 to Q4 output pins) are set for different values and connected to pin 7 of IC3 (NE555) electronically. VR1 is used to change clock pulse rate. IC3 is wired as an astable multivibrator operating at a frequency of nearly 80 kHz. Its output is not symmetrical. IC4 is CD4013, a D-type flip-flop which delivers symmetrical 40kHz signals at its Q and Q outputs which are amplified in push-pull mode by transistors T1, T2, T3 and T4 to drive a low-cost, high-frequency piezo tweeter. For frequency adjustments, you may use an oscilloscope. It can be done by trial and error also if you do not have an oscilloscope. This pest repeller would prove to be much more effective than those published earlier because here ultrasonic frequency is automatically changed to cover different pests and the power output is also sufficiently high. If you want low-power output in 30-50 kHz ultrasonic frequency range then the crystal transducer may be directly connected across Q and Q outputs of IC4 (transistor amplifier is not necessary).
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/6.gif
Sound controller flip flop
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt9.shtml
Ultrasonic Switch
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt10.shtml
Digital volume controler
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt11.shtml
5 Band graphic equilizer using a single ic/chip
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt12.shtml
Audio light modulator
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt7.shtml
Bass- treble control circuit
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt13.shtml
Audio level meter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt14.shtml
Wiper speed control
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/carsimages/carsckt2.shtml
Simple analog to digital converter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt2.shtml
PC based frequency meter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt3.shtml
Electronic scoring game
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/funimages/funckt1.shtml
JAM(just a minute) circuit
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/funimages/funckt2.shtml
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/microcontrollers/microcontrollers1.shtml
Simple Analog to Digital Converter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt2.shtml
Telephone ringer using 556 dual timer
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/telephonesimages/telephonesckt1.shtml
Project Ideas
- Signal Generator Circuit With Multiple Sensor Sources Features
- Contact-less Transmission of Signal Between Sensors and Conditioning Circuit
- Analysis of interference effects on period-to-digital conversions
- Design and Development of Array Antenna for Adaptive Beam Forming
- Design and Simulation of Microwave Links in the Country
- Design of pulse Oximetry Monitor System
- Digital Blood Pressure Monitor
- Bluetooth-enabled Thermal Sensor
- FPGA Realization of Fuzzy Wavelet Based Handwritten Character Recognition
- Implementation of data encryption and decryption using RSA algorithm for WAN/LAN channels
- Temperature Control Circuit for Surface Acoustic Wave Resonator
- Comparitive Study of Resonators for Biosensor
- Oscillator design using surface acoustic wave resonator
- Rate/Margin Maximization Algorithm for Adaptive Resource Allocation in Multiuser OFDM System
- Control Channel Structure for Hybrid Distributed and Localized Allocation of Downlink OFDMA Systems
- Joint Time-Frequency Analysis Using Wavelet Transform
- QoS Analysis in WiMAX
- Implementing Data Logging with Wireless Sensor Networks
- Security Analysis in Wireless Networks
- Solar Panel battery charger
- Analysis of MEMS switches
- Design of Free Space Optical Communication Link
- Single Photon Detection for Quantum Key Distribution
- Modeling of Power MEMS technology amplifier
- Single Photon Detection for Secure Communications using QKD
- Non-Linear optical devices for Secure Communications using QKD
- Developing Intelligent Agent for Medical Emergency System
- Enhancing Mobility Support for Integrated Car Alert and Monitoring System
- Dynamic Faceplate Recognizing System
- Wideband Signal Processing
- DNA classification using wavelet
- Design and implementation of voice recognition system
- Wall Crack Identification System using Matlab
- Simulation study of error rates in image transmission over 3G systems using different types of error control codes
- Improving voice quality in VoIP by using erasure correcting codes
- Hardware Implementation of Logic-Based Model Checking Edge Detector
- FPGA Realization of Backpropagation for Stock Market Prediction
- Design of a Transceiver for UWB Communication System
- Antenna Design for UWB Noise Commmunication and Radar Systems
- Design for Synthetic Aperture Radar for Imaging Application
- Design of RFID Tag Antenna matched to Micro Chip
- Hardware Implementation of DICOM Standard Lossless Compression of Medical Images
- Cooperative MIMO Communications over Wireless Networks
- Mitigation of Scintillation Effects on GPS using MATLAB
- Human Identification Using Ear Recognition
- Face Gender Recognition in Humans
- Development of Nano-size Satellite CANSAT
- Development of Radio Frequency Direction Finders
- Investigation of RF emission sources and location
- Development of a Signal Disrupter
Seminar Topics
- Comparative Analysis of the Physical Layer Technologies in WiMax and LTE
- FoIP vs VoIP : Design and Application
- Software based GPS receiver
- Smart Home Technologies
- Trans ocean inter-continental optical links
- Double image mixing for 3D stereoscopic vision
- Radar guidance systems
- Video compression Techniques
- The Marriage of Cryptography and Watermarking
- Deep Space Application
- Adaptive modulation Performance of wideband OFDM communications
- EMG Signal Analysis: Detection, Processing, Classification and Applications
- Advances in Signal Processing and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in the Classification of Power Quality Events
- Design of cryptographic protocols
- Video Image Compression Techniques
- Wireless Video Service in CDMA Systems
- Soliton pulses in long distance communications
- Emerging Communications Technologies and their impact on Military Communication Systems
- Radio Frequency Identification: Evolution of Transponder Circuit Design
- Image Compression System for Mobile Communication : Advancement in the Recent Years
- Performance Evaluation Of Hybrid OFDM/CDMA/SFH Approach For Wireless
- Radio Frequency Identification: Reader Circuit & Antenna Circuit Design
- Streaming technology in 3G mobile communication systems
- Study of Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain vs Frequency Domain
- Equalization and interference cancellation for TDMA wireless
- Study of Latest Issues Pertaining to Image Transmission in Wireless Network
- Study on the use of 3D Image Processing in Medical Imaging
- Image Compression, Past and Present
- Space-Time Coding For Frequency-Selective Fading Channels
- Ambient Intelligence: the networking challenges
- Quality Assessment Technique for Compressed Video
- IPTV vs Mobile TV : Design and Application
- Investigation of the types of handovers in wireless communication system
- Wireless Security Enhancement from the Lowest Layer
- Radio broadcasting system : Design and Application
- The study of propagation models in communication system
- Challenges to Next-generation Internet (Internet 3)
- Environmental Observation and Forecasting Systems using Wireless Sensor Networks.
- The impact of Cognitive Radio for Exploiting Under-used Spectrum
- Security in WiMAX Networks
- MAC Layer enhancement in 802.11n standards
- MIMO in 802.11n: potential and challenges
- The future of wireless network infrastructure
- Visible Light Communications
- Mobile and Broadcasting Convergence as a Disruptive Force
- Jamming and Anti-Jamming Technologies for Law Enforcement
Wireless Imaging Intruder Alarm app enables Home Security Smartphones to detect and send burglar pictures direct to your personal cell phone, PDA or computer within a few seconds of a break-in at your home or business when you are away. Code Alarm Security Systems allow a burglar the 8 to 12 minutes needed to get in and out of your home and escape with your property and identity information. Any law enforcement officer will confirm this fact is accurate on average. Less then 12% of burglars are arrested when you have no instant or preserved photo evidence of the robbery suspect. You need to see pictures of a burglar on your cell phone when a burglary happens to prevent property losses and surprise encounters. 280,000 US residents (14% of reported home burglaries) will have surprise encounters with burglars inside their homes this year. It happens when returning home from school, work, shopping etc. When a burglar invades your home you need to know immediately and you need to know before a surprise encounter and 1. Eliminate false alarms. 2. Prevent identity theft and property losses. 3. Preserve photo evidence. 4. Get the fastest police response. 5. Decrease your family's risk of a surprise encounter with a burglar inside your home. 6. Provide responding police with a verified description of the burglar. Home burglaries are a prime source of identity theft, assaults, robberies, rapes and homicides. "In fact, statistics indicate that three out of four U.S. homes will be burglarized in the next 20 years." Make your home and family safe with instant direct pictures to your cell phone when a burglar is inside your home. Protect the things you value most. You need to know if harm is waiting before you enter an empty house or apartment. Be smart, be safe, use Wireless Imaging Intruder Alarm to see a burglar if and when your home becomes the target of a break-in when you are away. Get support, download full version and upgrades to WIIA 1.66 on our web site.
To Download to Your Phone:Power Supply Failure Alarm
http://dir.guruji.com/redirect.php?target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.getjar.com%2Fproducts%2F28855%2FWirelessImagingIntruderAlarm
Most of the power supply failure indicator circuits need a separate power supply for themselves. But the alarm circuit presented here needs no additional supply source. It employs an electrolytic capacitor to store adequate charge, to feed power to the alarm circuit which sounds an alarm for a reasonable duration when the supply fails.
This circuit can be used as an alarm for power supplies in the range of 5V to 15V.
To calibrate the circuit, first connect the power supply (5 to 15V) then vary the potentiometer VR1 until the buzzer goes from on to off.
Whenever the supply fails, resistor R2 pulls the base of transistor low and saturates it, turning the buzzer ON
for circuit diagram follow the website
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/2.gif
Fire Alarm
This circuit warns the user against fire accidents. It relies on the smoke that is produced in the event of a fire. When this smoke passes between a bulb and an LDR, the amount of light falling on the LDR decreases. This causes the resistance of LDR to increase and the voltage at the base of the transistor is pulled high due to which the supply to the COB (chip-on-board) is completed. Different COBs are available in the market to generate different sounds.
The choice of the COB depends on the user. The signal generated by COB is amplified by an audio amplifier. In this circuit, the audio power amplifier is wired around IC TDA 2002. The sensitivity of the circuit depends on the distance between bulb and LDR as well as setting of preset VR1. Thus by placing the bulb and the LDR at appropriate distances, one may vary preset VR1 to get optimum sensitivity.
An ON/OFF switch is suggested to turn the circuit on and off as desirable.
for circuit diagram follow the website
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/13.gif
Melody generator for greeting cards
This tiny circuit comprising of a single 3 terminal IC UM66 can be built small enough to be placed inside a greeting card and operated off a single 3V flat button cell.
There is not much to the circuit. The UM66 is connected to its supply and its output fed to a transistor for amplification. You can either use a 4ohm speaker or a " flat" piezoelectric tweeter like the one found in alarm wrist watches.If you use the piezo, then it can be connected directly between the output pin 1 and ground pin 3 without the transistor.
The UM66 looks like a transistor with 3 terminals. It is a complete miniature tone generator with a ROM of 64 notes, oscillator and a preamplifier. When it first came into market, it was programmed for the "Jingle bells" tune. Now they come with a wide variety of different tunes.
for circuit diagram follow the website
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/7.gif
4 in 1 Burglar Alarm
I n this circuit, the alarm will be switched on under the following four different conditions: 1. When light falls on LDR1 (at the entry to the premises). 2. When light falling on LDR2 is obstructed. 3. When door switches are opened or a wire is broken. 4. When a handle is touched. The light dependent resistor LDR1 should be placed in darkness near the door lock or handle etc. If an intruder flashes his torch, its light will fall on LDR1, reducing the voltage drop across it and so also the voltage applied to trigger 1 (pin 6) of IC1. Thus transistor T2 will get forward biased and relay RL1 energise and operate the alarm. Sensitivity of LDR1 can be adjusted by varying preset VR1. LDR2 may be placed on one side of a corridor such that the beam of light from a light source always falls on it. When an intruder passes through the corridor, his shadow falls on LDR2. As a result voltage drop across LDR2 increases and pin 8 of IC1 goes low while output pin 9 of IC1 goes high. Transistor T2 gets switched on and the relay operates to set the alarm. The sensitivity of LDR2 can be adjusted by varying potentiometer VR2. A long but very thin wire may be connected between the points A and B or C and D across a window or a door. This long wire may even be used to lock or tie something. If anyone cuts or breaks this wire, the alarm will be switched on as pin 8 or 6 will go low. In place of the wire between points A and B or C and D door switches can be connected. These switches should be fixed on the door in such a way that when the door is closed the switch gets closed and when the door is open the switch remains open. If the switches or wire, are not used between these points, the points should be shorted. With the help of a wire, connect the touch point (P) with the handle of a door or some other suitable object made of conducting material. When one touches this handle or the other connected object, pin 6 of IC1 goes ?low?. So the alarm and the relay gets switched on. Remember that the object connected to this touch point should be well insulated from ground. For good touch action, potentiometer VR3 should be properly adjusted. If potentiometer VR3 tapping is held more towards ground, the alarm will get switched on even without touching. In such a situation, the tapping should be raised. But the tapping point should not be raised too much as the touch action would then vanish. When you vary potentiometer VR1, re-adjust the sensitivity of the touch point with the help of potentiometer VR3 properly. If the alarm has a voltage rating of other than 6V (more than 6V), or if it draws a high current (more than 150 mA), connect it through the relay points as shown by the dotted lines. As a burglar alarm, battery backup is necessary for this circuit. Note: Electric sparking in the vicinity of this circuit may cause false triggering of the circuit. To avoid this adjust potentiometer VR3 properly
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/10.gif
Car anti theft wireless alarm. .
This FM radio-controlled anti- theft alarm can be used with any vehicle having 6- to 12-volt DC supply system. The mini VHF, FM transmitter is fitted in the vehicle at night when it is parked in the car porch or car park. The receiver unit with CXA1019, a single IC-based FM radio module, which is freely available in the market at reasonable rate, is kept inside. Receiver is tuned to the transmitter's frequency. When the transmitter is on and the signals are being received by FM radio receiver, no hissing noise is available at the output of receiver. Thus transistor T2 (BC548) does not conduct. This results in the relay driver transistor T3 getting its forward base bias via 10k resistor R5 and the relay gets energised. When an intruder tries to drive the car and takes it a few metres away from the car porch, the radio link between the car (transmitter) and alarm (receiver) is broken. As a result FM radio module gene-rates hissing noise. Hissing AC signals are coupled to relay switching circ- uit via audio transformer. These AC signals are rectified and filtered by diode D1 and capacitor C8, and the resulting positive DC voltage provides a forward bias to transistor T2. Thus transistor T2 conducts, and it pulls the base of relay driver transistor T3 to ground level. The relay thus gets de-activated and the alarm connected via N/C contacts of relay is switched on. If, by chance, the intruder finds out about the wireless alarm and disconnects the transmitter from battery, still remote alarm remains activated because in the absence of signal, the receiver continues to produce hissing noise at its output. So the burglar alarm is fool-proof and highly reliable.
Click here for Circuit Diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/12.gif
DayLight Alarm
The circuit presented here wakes you up with a loud alarm at the break of the daylight. Once again the 555 timer is used here. It is working as an astable multivibrator at a frequency of about 1kHz.
The circuit's operation can be explained as follows:When no light falls on the LDR, the transistor is pulled high by the variable resistor. Hence the transistor is OFF and the reset pin of the 555 is pulled low. Due the this the 555 is reset.
When light falls on the LDR, its resistance decreases and pulls the base of the transistor low hence turning it ON. This pulls the reset pin 4 of the 555 high and hence enables the 555 oscillator and a sound is produced by the speaker.
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/14.gif
Factory Siren
This circuit produces a sound similar to a factory siren.It makes use of a 555 timer Ic used as an astable multivibrator of a center frequency of about 300Hz.The frequency is controlled by the pin 5 of the IC. When the supply is switched ON, the capacitor charges slowly and this alters the voltage at pin 5 of the IC hence the frequenct gradually increases.
After the capacitor is fully charged, the frequency no longer increases. Now when the push button siren control switch is held depressed, the capacitor discharges and the siren frequency also decreases.
The presets VR1 and VR2 should be adjusted for optimum performance.
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/15.gif
Police Siren
This circuit produces a sound similar to the police siren. It makes use of two 555 timer ICs used as astable multivibrators. The frequency is controlled by the pin 5 of the IC. The first IC (left) is wired to work around 1Hz. The 47uF capacitor is charged and discharged periodically and the voltage across it gradually increases and decreases periodically.
This varying voltage modulates the frequency of the 2nd IC. This process repeats and what you hear is the sound remarkably similar to the police siren.
Click here for Circuit Diagram.
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/16.gif
Infrared beam barrier/ proximity sensor .
This circuit can be used as an Infrared beam barrier as well as a proximity detector.The circuit uses the very popular Sharp IR module (Vishay module can also be used). The pin nos. shown in the circuit are for the Sharp & VIshay modules. For other modules please refer to their respective datasheets.
The receiver consists of a 555 timer IC working as an oscillator at about 38Khz (also works from 36kHz to 40kHz) which has to be adjusted using the 10K preset. The duty cycle of the IR beam is about 10%. This allows us to pass more current through the LEDS thus achieving a longer range.
The receiver uses a sharp IR module. When the IR beam from the transmitter falls on the IR module, the output is activated which activates the relay and de-activated when the beam is obstructed. The relay contacts can be used to turn ON/OFF alarms, lights etc. The 10K preset should be adjusted until the receiver detects the IR beam.
The circuit can also be used as a proximity sensor, i.e to detect objects in front of the device without obstructing a IR beam. For this the LEDs should be pointed in the same direction as the IR module and at the same level. The suggested arrangement is shown in the circuit diagram. The LEDs should be properly covered with a reflective material like glass or aluminum foils on the sides to avoid the spreading of the IR beam and to get a sharp focus of the beam.
When there is nothing in front of them, the IR beam is not reflected onto the module and hence the circuit is not activated. When an object comes near the device, the IR light from the LEDs is reflected by the object onto the module and hence the circuit gets activated.
Click here for Circuit Diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/alarmsimages/19.gif
Infrared Head Phones
Using this low-cost project one can reproduce audio from TV without disturbing others. It does not use any wire connection between TV and headphones. In place of a pair of wires, it uses invisible infrared light to transmit audio signals from TV to headphones. Without using any lens, a range of up to 6 metres is possible. Range can be extended by using lenses and reflectors with IR sensors comprising transmitters and receivers.
IR transmitter uses two-stage transistor amplifier to drive two series-connected IR LEDs. An audio output transformer is used (in reverse) to couple audio output from TV to the IR transmitter. Transistors T1 and T2 amplify the audio signals received from TV through the audio transformer. Low-impedance output windings (lower gauge or thicker wires) are used for connection to TV side while high-impedance windings are connected to IR transmitter. This IR transmitter can be powered from a 9-volt mains adapter or battery. Red LED1 in transmitter circuit functions as a zener diode (0.65V) as well as supply-on indicator.
IR receiver uses 3-stage transistor amplifier. The first two transistors (T4 and T5) form audio signal amplifier while the third transistor T6 is used to drive a headphone. Adjust potmeter VR2 for max. clarity.
Direct photo-transistor towards IR LEDs of transmitter for max. range. A 9-volt battery can be used with receiver for portable operation.
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/3.jpg
Use the CD-ROM drive as a audio CD player without the computer
Most of the CDROMS available have an Audio-Out Output to either plug in the headphones or connect it to an amplifier.This circuit enables one to use the CDROM as a stand alone Audio CD player without the computer.This circuit is nothing but a power supply which supplies +5v, +12V and Ground to the CDROM drive andhence can be used without the computer.
You should buy a D-type power connecter to connect this circuit's outputs to the CDROM.
The details of the D connector are shown along with the circuit diagram.
Note that the D-connector goes into the CDROM in only one way and hence prevents any damage due to wrong connection.
Ensure that the 12V(yellow) wire is connected to the right of the D-connector(as seen from behind ,i.e the connector holes away from you with the curved portion of the connector upwards)
As soon as an Audio CD is inserted, the CD begins to play. To move to the next track, press the Skip-Track button on the CDROM front Panel.
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/4.gif
Audio Visual Indicator for Telephones
Many a times one needs an extra telephone ringer in an ad joining room to know if there is an incoming call. For example, if the telephone is installed in the drawing room you may need an extra ringer in the bedroom. All that needs to be done is to connect the given circuit in parallel with the existing telephone lines using twin flexible wires. This circuit does not require any external power source for its operation. The section comprising resistor R1 and diodes D5 and LED1 provides a visual indication of the ring. Remaining part of the circuit is the audio ringer based on IC1 (BA8204 or ML8204). This integrated circuit, specially designed for telecom application as bell sound generator, requires very few external parts. It is readily available in 8-pin mini DIP pack.
Resistor R3 is used for bell sensitivity adjustment. The bell frequency is controlled by resistor R5 and capacitor C4, and the repeat frequency is controlled by resistor R4 and capacitor C3. A little experimentation with the various values of the resistors and capacitors may be carried out to obtain desired pleasing tone. Working of the circuit is quite simple. The bell signal, approximately 75V AC, passes through capacitor C1 and resistor R2 and appears across the diode bridge comprising diodes D1 to D4. The rectified DC output is smoothed by capacitor C2. The dual-tone ring signal is output from pin 8 of IC1 and its volume is adjusted by volume control VR1. Thereafter, it is impressed on the piezo-ceramic sound generator.
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/5.gif
Ultrasonic pest repellent
It is well know that pests like rats, mice etc are repelled by ultrasonic frequency in the range of 30 kHz to 50 kHz. Human beings can?t hear these high-frequency sounds. Unfortunately, all pests do not react at the same ultrasonic frequency. While some pests get repelled at 35 kHz, some others get repelled at 38 to 40 kHz. Thus to increase the effectiveness, frequency of ultrasonic oscillator has to be continuously varied between certain limits. By using this circuit design, frequency of emission of ultrasonic sound is continuously varied step-by-step automatically. Here five steps of variation are used but the same can be extended up to 10 steps, if desired. For each clock pulse output from op-amp IC1 CA3130 (which is wired here as a low-frequency square wave oscillator), the logic 1 output of IC2 CD4017 (which is a well-known decade counter) shifts from Q0 to Q4 (or Q0 to Q9). Five presets VR2 through VR6 (one each connected at Q0 to Q4 output pins) are set for different values and connected to pin 7 of IC3 (NE555) electronically. VR1 is used to change clock pulse rate. IC3 is wired as an astable multivibrator operating at a frequency of nearly 80 kHz. Its output is not symmetrical. IC4 is CD4013, a D-type flip-flop which delivers symmetrical 40kHz signals at its Q and Q outputs which are amplified in push-pull mode by transistors T1, T2, T3 and T4 to drive a low-cost, high-frequency piezo tweeter. For frequency adjustments, you may use an oscilloscope. It can be done by trial and error also if you do not have an oscilloscope. This pest repeller would prove to be much more effective than those published earlier because here ultrasonic frequency is automatically changed to cover different pests and the power output is also sufficiently high. If you want low-power output in 30-50 kHz ultrasonic frequency range then the crystal transducer may be directly connected across Q and Q outputs of IC4 (transistor amplifier is not necessary).
Click here for the circuit diagram
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/6.gif
Sound controller flip flop
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt9.shtml
Ultrasonic Switch
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt10.shtml
Digital volume controler
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt11.shtml
5 Band graphic equilizer using a single ic/chip
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt12.shtml
Audio light modulator
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt7.shtml
Bass- treble control circuit
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt13.shtml
Audio level meter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt14.shtml
Wiper speed control
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/carsimages/carsckt2.shtml
Simple analog to digital converter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt2.shtml
PC based frequency meter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt3.shtml
Electronic scoring game
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/funimages/funckt1.shtml
JAM(just a minute) circuit
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/funimages/funckt2.shtml
Flashy christmas light
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt9.shtmlTV remote control blocker
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/funimages/funckt4.shtmlProgrammable digital code lock
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/homegardenimages/homegardenckt2.shtmlPot plant water tester
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/homegardenimages/homegardenckt3.shtmlLights & l.e.d.'s
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lights_circuits.shtmlLight flaser
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt1.shtmlAutomatic dual output display
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt2.shtmlEmergency light
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt3.shtmlAutomatic room light
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt4.shtmlRunning message display
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt5.shtmlChritsmas star
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt6.shtmlDancing light
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt10.shtmlTelephone operated remote control using PIC16F84A microcontroller
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/microcontrollers/microcontrollers1.shtml
Automativ speed controller for fan & cooler
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/motorimages/motorckt1.shtmlSoft button type motor direction controller
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/motorimages/motorckt1.shtmlSuper simple stepper motor controller
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/robotimages/robotckt1.shtmlDiscrete component motor direction controller
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/motorimages/motorckt4.shtmlOscillator Circuits
Digital volume control
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt11.shtml5 band graphic equilizer
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt12.shtmlComputer / PC Hardware Circuits
Simple frqency variable oscillator
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/oscillatorsimages/oscillatorsckt1.shtmlSawtooth wave generator
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/oscillatorsimages/oscillatorsckt2.shtmlControl electrical appliances using PC
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt1.shtmlSimple Analog to Digital Converter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt2.shtml
PC based Frequency Meter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt3.shtml7 segment rolling display using PC
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/computersimages/computersckt4.shtmlRadio,transmitter,receiver circuits
Long range FM transmitter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/radioimages/radiockt1.shtmlRemote control using VHF modules
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/remotecontrolsimages/remotecontrolsckt1.shtml40 meter Direct Conversion Receiver
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/radioimages/radiockt2.shtmlPowerful AM transmitter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/radioimages/radiockt5.shtmlRadio Remote Control using DTMF
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/remotecontrolsimages/remotecontrolsckt5.shtmlFM transmitter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/radioimages/radiockt6.shtmlCoilless FM transmitter
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/radioimages/radiockt8.shtmlElectronic Sensors and related circuits
Magnetic proximity sensors
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/sensorsimages/sensorsckt1.shtmlDew sensor
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/sensorsimages/sensorsckt2.shtmlColor Sensor
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/sensorsimages/sensorsckt3.shtmlMetal Detector
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/sensorsimages/sensorsckt4.shtmlOptical toggle switch using a single Chip
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/lightsimages/lightsckt8.shtmlSound Controlled Filp Flop
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/audioimages/audiockt9.shtmlUltrasonic switch
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/sensorsimages/sensorsckt7.shtmlLight Barrier Detector
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/sensorsimages/sensorsckt8.shtmlTemperature Sensor with Digital Output
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/sensorsimages/sensorsckt9.shtmlTelephone ringer using 556 dual timer
http://www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/telephonesimages/telephonesckt1.shtml
Project Ideas
- Signal Generator Circuit With Multiple Sensor Sources Features
- Contact-less Transmission of Signal Between Sensors and Conditioning Circuit
- Analysis of interference effects on period-to-digital conversions
- Design and Development of Array Antenna for Adaptive Beam Forming
- Design and Simulation of Microwave Links in the Country
- Design of pulse Oximetry Monitor System
- Digital Blood Pressure Monitor
- Bluetooth-enabled Thermal Sensor
- FPGA Realization of Fuzzy Wavelet Based Handwritten Character Recognition
- Implementation of data encryption and decryption using RSA algorithm for WAN/LAN channels
- Temperature Control Circuit for Surface Acoustic Wave Resonator
- Comparitive Study of Resonators for Biosensor
- Oscillator design using surface acoustic wave resonator
- Rate/Margin Maximization Algorithm for Adaptive Resource Allocation in Multiuser OFDM System
- Control Channel Structure for Hybrid Distributed and Localized Allocation of Downlink OFDMA Systems
- Joint Time-Frequency Analysis Using Wavelet Transform
- QoS Analysis in WiMAX
- Implementing Data Logging with Wireless Sensor Networks
- Security Analysis in Wireless Networks
- Solar Panel battery charger
- Analysis of MEMS switches
- Design of Free Space Optical Communication Link
- Single Photon Detection for Quantum Key Distribution
- Modeling of Power MEMS technology amplifier
- Single Photon Detection for Secure Communications using QKD
- Non-Linear optical devices for Secure Communications using QKD
- Developing Intelligent Agent for Medical Emergency System
- Enhancing Mobility Support for Integrated Car Alert and Monitoring System
- Dynamic Faceplate Recognizing System
- Wideband Signal Processing
- DNA classification using wavelet
- Design and implementation of voice recognition system
- Wall Crack Identification System using Matlab
- Simulation study of error rates in image transmission over 3G systems using different types of error control codes
- Improving voice quality in VoIP by using erasure correcting codes
- Hardware Implementation of Logic-Based Model Checking Edge Detector
- FPGA Realization of Backpropagation for Stock Market Prediction
- Design of a Transceiver for UWB Communication System
- Antenna Design for UWB Noise Commmunication and Radar Systems
- Design for Synthetic Aperture Radar for Imaging Application
- Design of RFID Tag Antenna matched to Micro Chip
- Hardware Implementation of DICOM Standard Lossless Compression of Medical Images
- Cooperative MIMO Communications over Wireless Networks
- Mitigation of Scintillation Effects on GPS using MATLAB
- Human Identification Using Ear Recognition
- Face Gender Recognition in Humans
- Development of Nano-size Satellite CANSAT
- Development of Radio Frequency Direction Finders
- Investigation of RF emission sources and location
- Development of a Signal Disrupter
Seminar Topics
- Comparative Analysis of the Physical Layer Technologies in WiMax and LTE
- FoIP vs VoIP : Design and Application
- Software based GPS receiver
- Smart Home Technologies
- Trans ocean inter-continental optical links
- Double image mixing for 3D stereoscopic vision
- Radar guidance systems
- Video compression Techniques
- The Marriage of Cryptography and Watermarking
- Deep Space Application
- Adaptive modulation Performance of wideband OFDM communications
- EMG Signal Analysis: Detection, Processing, Classification and Applications
- Advances in Signal Processing and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in the Classification of Power Quality Events
- Design of cryptographic protocols
- Video Image Compression Techniques
- Wireless Video Service in CDMA Systems
- Soliton pulses in long distance communications
- Emerging Communications Technologies and their impact on Military Communication Systems
- Radio Frequency Identification: Evolution of Transponder Circuit Design
- Image Compression System for Mobile Communication : Advancement in the Recent Years
- Performance Evaluation Of Hybrid OFDM/CDMA/SFH Approach For Wireless
- Radio Frequency Identification: Reader Circuit & Antenna Circuit Design
- Streaming technology in 3G mobile communication systems
- Study of Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain vs Frequency Domain
- Equalization and interference cancellation for TDMA wireless
- Study of Latest Issues Pertaining to Image Transmission in Wireless Network
- Study on the use of 3D Image Processing in Medical Imaging
- Image Compression, Past and Present
- Space-Time Coding For Frequency-Selective Fading Channels
- Ambient Intelligence: the networking challenges
- Quality Assessment Technique for Compressed Video
- IPTV vs Mobile TV : Design and Application
- Investigation of the types of handovers in wireless communication system
- Wireless Security Enhancement from the Lowest Layer
- Radio broadcasting system : Design and Application
- The study of propagation models in communication system
- Challenges to Next-generation Internet (Internet 3)
- Environmental Observation and Forecasting Systems using Wireless Sensor Networks.
- The impact of Cognitive Radio for Exploiting Under-used Spectrum
- Security in WiMAX Networks
- MAC Layer enhancement in 802.11n standards
- MIMO in 802.11n: potential and challenges
- The future of wireless network infrastructure
- Visible Light Communications
- Mobile and Broadcasting Convergence as a Disruptive Force
- Jamming and Anti-Jamming Technologies for Law Enforcement
Friday, January 8, 2010
Robotics
Robotics have grown far beyond & world wide.Robots and robotics are more firmly entrenched in to our day to day life.If u are a budding electronics professional,ready to accept high risk challenges or comfortable with both mechanics and computer programming with a drive to build new things,then robotics could be your platform.
Know the field
Let us first define robotics.It is a multidisciplinary area,which intgrate intelligent control,communication,computer vision,mechatronics,sensor fusion,design and many other aspects on a single platform for better service.Robots helps industries to translate their competitiveness and deliver radically enhanced level of productivity,efficiency and profitability.
According to CII report,from 2008 onward the world market for industrial robots is projected to rise by an average of 4.2 per cent per annum,reaching 129,300 units in 2010.In India the industry is expected to grow at two to two and a half times the global average.
Where can you be placed
Mejor robot manufacturing companies like ABB,Panasonic,Kuka,Precision Automation and robotics India,Hi-Tech Robotics System and Fanuc have their own presence in India.The position of robotics in india is that it is widely used in automation industries widely.
Robots are also used in the field of defence,nuclear system,sea exploration,servicing of transmission electric signal,designing of biomedical equipments,etc.
Money matter
Lets see whether robotics satisfies your expectation for the work.Students who completed their post graduation and doctorate are being paid 450,000 to 959,000 per annum.Those who are graduating may get offer range from 350,000 to 650,000 per annum. A robotics engineer could be offer minimum 350,000.
How to begin
However you will never come to face robotics during your engineering as a main subject part.
As per the university of Singapore for robotics one should have basic knowledge of electronics,eletrical and mechanical engineering.But this is not enough ,your mind and your work should be creative.If the student is taking robotics workshop,then it should be balance enough to deal with both theorotical and practical aspects.Taking up college projects in robotics will help students to determine their true motivation and prepare them early.Also number of technical festival across India will help them enhance their aspects of robotics.Also with this one should have brief knowledge of PCB designing.sensors,actuators,microprocessor and microcontroler and actuator using programming languages like MPLAB.
Institute watch
Universities
Know the field
Let us first define robotics.It is a multidisciplinary area,which intgrate intelligent control,communication,computer vision,mechatronics,sensor fusion,design and many other aspects on a single platform for better service.Robots helps industries to translate their competitiveness and deliver radically enhanced level of productivity,efficiency and profitability.
According to CII report,from 2008 onward the world market for industrial robots is projected to rise by an average of 4.2 per cent per annum,reaching 129,300 units in 2010.In India the industry is expected to grow at two to two and a half times the global average.
Where can you be placed
Mejor robot manufacturing companies like ABB,Panasonic,Kuka,Precision Automation and robotics India,Hi-Tech Robotics System and Fanuc have their own presence in India.The position of robotics in india is that it is widely used in automation industries widely.
Robots are also used in the field of defence,nuclear system,sea exploration,servicing of transmission electric signal,designing of biomedical equipments,etc.
Money matter
Lets see whether robotics satisfies your expectation for the work.Students who completed their post graduation and doctorate are being paid 450,000 to 959,000 per annum.Those who are graduating may get offer range from 350,000 to 650,000 per annum. A robotics engineer could be offer minimum 350,000.
How to begin
However you will never come to face robotics during your engineering as a main subject part.
As per the university of Singapore for robotics one should have basic knowledge of electronics,eletrical and mechanical engineering.But this is not enough ,your mind and your work should be creative.If the student is taking robotics workshop,then it should be balance enough to deal with both theorotical and practical aspects.Taking up college projects in robotics will help students to determine their true motivation and prepare them early.Also number of technical festival across India will help them enhance their aspects of robotics.Also with this one should have brief knowledge of PCB designing.sensors,actuators,microprocessor and microcontroler and actuator using programming languages like MPLAB.
Institute watch
Universities
- IIT,KANPUR
- UNIVERSITY OF HYDERABAD
- JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY,KOLKATA
- BITS,PILANI
- KUKA TRAINING CENTER,PUNE
- HI-TECH ROBOTIC TRAINING CENTRE,GURGAON
- EFY TECH CENTER
- EMTECH
- THINKLABS
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